Support and Movement in Humans and Animals

Question 10:(a) Explain the property of muscles involved in human movement. (b) (i) Explain the measures that can be practised to maintain a healthy musculoskeletal system.(b)(ii) Describe the factors that may put an individual at a high risk of developing osteoporosis. (c) Describe how muscles work together with the ligament and tendon to move the … Read more

Question 8:Figure 4 shows a human movement. Based on Figure 4, describe how muscles, bones, tendons, ligaments and joints enable the above movement to happen. Answer:• The big and long femur adds strength to support body weight. • Tendon connects muscles to bones. • Tendon is tough and inelastic. • Ligament supports joints for movement. … Read more

Question 5:Explain why muscle contractions require adequate blood supply. Answer:• Muscle contraction needs a lot of ATP energy produced during cellular respiration. • A large amount of blood is needed to transport and supply oxygen and glucose to the muscle cells. • At the same time, blood transports waste products such as carbon dioxide and … Read more

Question 1:State the differences between cervical and thoracic vertebrae. Answer:The cervical vertebra possesses a short spinous process, a small centrum, wide transverse processes and a pair of transverse foramens. The thoracic vertebra has a long spinous process, short but bigger and thicker centrum. The transverse processes are longer but no transverse foramen is present. Question … Read more

Question 1:Suggest two ways to care for the musculoskeletal system. Answer:Practice a balanced diet intake and correct body posture. Question 2:As a doctor, explain ways to help scoliosis patients go through normal daily life. Answer:• In the case of a minor scoliosis, doctors will carry out routine observation until the maturity level of the bone … Read more

Question 1:In your opinion, why do birds have hollow bones? Answer:Hollow bones are light which facilitates flying. Question 2:Explain how the forearm is moved upwards. Answer:When biceps contracts, the tendon transmits a pulling force produced by the contracting muscles to the arm. At the same time, triceps relaxes. As a result, the elbow bends and … Read more

Question 1:Name the bones that form the axial skeleton of the human body. Answer:The skull, vertebral column, rib cage and sternum. Question 2:State the function of cartilage and synovial fluid in the joint. Answer:The cartilage acts as cushion to joints, absorbs shock and reduces friction between the ends of bones. Synovial fluid acts as a … Read more

Question 1:Why do organisms need to maintain their body shapes? Answer:Body shape is important for movement and support, and enables organs in the body to function properly. Question 2:State two functions of the skeletal system to humans. Answer:• To protect the internal organs in vertebrates (for example, the skull protects the human brain) • To … Read more