Question 8:
(a) Diagram 8.1 shows the mechanism of blood clotting.
Based on Diagram 8.1, describe the roles of platelets and fibrin in the mechanism.
(b) Diagram 8.2 shows two types of blood clot that cause the occurrence of health issues.
Give one difference between the two types of blood clot.
(c) A man who has type O blood group is involved in an accident and experiences excessive blood loss. His twin plans to donate blood to him. Doctor found the blood group of his twin is not compatible.
Explain why.
(d) Diagram 8.3 shows the condition of a coronary artery.
Suggest two healthy lifestyles to prevent the situation in Diagram 8.3 from getting worse.
Answer:
(a)
P1: Platelets that clump/form plaques
P2: Clumped platelets (damaged cells) and clotting factors form an activating substance / thrombokinase
P3: Fibrin forms a network / traps erythrocytes / strengthens plaque
P4: close the wound/prevent blood loss.
Any three answers
(b)
(c)
P1: They are non-identical twins.
P2: The twin’s blood type may be A / B / AB / O Rh-positive
P3: (His twin blood group) contains antigens A / B and B / D
P4: The man’s blood has anti-A and anti-B antibodies / Rhesus antibodies / anti-D
P5: Will cause agglutination to occur
Any three answers
(d)
P1: Avoid smoking/alcohol consumption
P2: Reduce intake of foods high in fat / cholesterol / sugar // Take appropriate foods / supplements / Drink enough water
P3: Regular exercise/active lifestyle
P4: Reduce stress/get enough sleep
Any two answers
(a) Diagram 8.1 shows the mechanism of blood clotting.
Based on Diagram 8.1, describe the roles of platelets and fibrin in the mechanism.
(b) Diagram 8.2 shows two types of blood clot that cause the occurrence of health issues.
Give one difference between the two types of blood clot.(c) A man who has type O blood group is involved in an accident and experiences excessive blood loss. His twin plans to donate blood to him. Doctor found the blood group of his twin is not compatible.
Explain why.
(d) Diagram 8.3 shows the condition of a coronary artery.
Suggest two healthy lifestyles to prevent the situation in Diagram 8.3 from getting worse.
Answer:
(a)
P1: Platelets that clump/form plaques
P2: Clumped platelets (damaged cells) and clotting factors form an activating substance / thrombokinase
P3: Fibrin forms a network / traps erythrocytes / strengthens plaque
P4: close the wound/prevent blood loss.
Any three answers
(b)
(c)
P1: They are non-identical twins.
P2: The twin’s blood type may be A / B / AB / O Rh-positive
P3: (His twin blood group) contains antigens A / B and B / D
P4: The man’s blood has anti-A and anti-B antibodies / Rhesus antibodies / anti-D
P5: Will cause agglutination to occur
Any three answers
(d)
P1: Avoid smoking/alcohol consumption
P2: Reduce intake of foods high in fat / cholesterol / sugar // Take appropriate foods / supplements / Drink enough water
P3: Regular exercise/active lifestyle
P4: Reduce stress/get enough sleep
Any two answers