Question 1:
State the hormones involved in the menstrual cycle and their functions.
State the hormones involved in the menstrual cycle and their functions.
Answer:
| FSH | • Stimulates oestrogen secretion • Stimulates follicle development in the ovary |
| LH | • Causes ovulation • Causes the formation of corpus luteum |
| Oestrogen | • Recovers and repairs endometrial tissues and stimulates the thickening of endometrium • Stimulates follicle development up to maturity • Stimulates secretion of FSH and LH before ovulation |
| Progesterone | • Stimulates the thickening of the endometrial wall by making it thicker, folded and rich with blood vessels in preparation for implantation of embryo. • Impedes the secretion of FSH and LH in order to block follicle development and prevent ovulation |
Question 2:
Explain the functions of progesterone and its effects on pregnancy.
Explain the functions of progesterone and its effects on pregnancy.
Answer:
During pregnancy, progesterone prevents uterus contraction and new follicle development as well as induces the enlargement of internal structures such as the ureter and uterus in preparation for carrying a baby to term.
Question 3:
Explain what would happen to the corpus luteum if fertilisation does not occur.
Explain what would happen to the corpus luteum if fertilisation does not occur.
Answer:
Corpus luteum degenerates, causing progesterone and oestrogen to stop secreting. Without the stimulation of progesterone and oestrogen, the endometrial wall collapses and menstruation takes place.
Question 4:
In your opinion, what is the best way to overcome premenstrual syndrome?
In your opinion, what is the best way to overcome premenstrual syndrome?
Answer:
• Intake of a balanced diet
• Frequent exercise
• Positive attitude
• Get enough sleep
• Always active