State the adaptations of the human respiratory structure.
Answer:
• The large number of alveoli provides a large surface area for gaseous diffusion.
• The inner lining of alveoli is always moist and enables respiratory gases dissolve in it
• The alveoli are covered with a dense network of blood capillary that speeds up the diffusion of respiratory gases.
• The alveolus wall is only one-cell thick, which eases gas diffusion
Explain how the frog skin is adapted for efficient exchange of gases.
Answer:
A frog’s skin is very thin, constantly moist and densely supplied with a network of blood capillaries.
State the characteristics of tracheoles that help with gaseous exchange in insects.
Answer:
• The large number of tracheoles provides a large surface area for gaseous exchange.
• Each body cell in an insect is supplied with a tracheole.
• The walls of tracheoles are thin and constantly moist.
• The ends of tracheoles have permeable walls and contain fluids that enable respiratory gases to dissolve and diffuse in and out of the respiratory surfaces.
Predict what will happen to a fish if its gills are torn after being caught in a net.
Answer:
Damaged gills reduce the total surface area available for an efficient gaseous exchange. Thus the fish may die due to a lack of oxygen.