Summative Practice 12 – Question 1 – 4 (Form 4 Biology Textbook Exercise and Answer)


Question 1:
Compare the functions of the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata.

Answer:
The cerebellum controls and coordinates body movement as well maintains body balance. The medulla oblongata controls involuntary responses such as peristalsis.


Question 2:
Define reflex action and state its importance.

Answer:
Reflex action is defined as a rapid and automatic response without thinking. The ability to carry out reflex action is important because it protects us from harmful situations and guarantees our survival in the ever-changing environment.


Question 3:
Name the main endocrine gland in the endocrine system of humans. Why is this gland considered the main gland?

Answer:
The main endocrine gland is the pituitary gland because it secretes a number of hormones that induce other endocrine glands to secrete hormones.


Question 4:
State the effects of excessive and insufficient growth hormones (GH) in humans.

Answer:
Effect of deficiency — dwarfism
Effect of excess — gigantism

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