Respiratory Systems in Humans and Animals

Question 6:One of the effects of emphysema is the loss of elasticity in the alveolus. Explain the effect of this on gaseous exchange. Answer:Less air is inhaled and exhaled, making breathing difficult. Air trapped in the alveoli may cause the alveoli to burst, producing a large air space in the alveoli. This means less total … Read more

Question 1:Explain why a transportation system is not required to transport respiratory gases in insects. Answer:Each cell in an insect’s body is supplied with a tracheole that directly enters the cell to enable gaseous exchange. Question 2:Why are the lungs of amphibians not as efficient as human lungs? Answer:Amphibians do not have rib cage and … Read more

Question 1:What are the effects of chronic bronchitis on the bronchiole? Answer:Bronchioles become inflamed, swollen and clogged. Question 2:Explain the condition of bronchiole walls in asthmatic patients. Answer:The bronchiole walls swell and thicken. The opening of bronchiole tube becomes smaller and the airway becomes narrower. Question 3:How does the usage of an inhaler help an … Read more

Question 1:What is the value of the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmospheric pressure? Answer:The partial pressure of oxygen is 160 mm Hg. Question 2:In what form is carbon dioxide transported in human blood circulatory system? Answer:Carbon dioxide is transported in the form of bicarbonate ion, carbonic acid and carbaminohaemoglobin. Question 3:Explain how carbon … Read more

Question 1:State the function of the spiracle in the breathing mechanism of insects. Answer:Spiracles are air pores that connect the respiratory structure of insects with the external environment. Question 2:How do abdominal muscles help insects to breathe? Answer:• During inhalation, the abdominal muscles relax and the spiracle valves open. This reduces the internal pressure of … Read more

Question 1:State the adaptations of the human respiratory structure. Answer:• The large number of alveoli provides a large surface area for gaseous diffusion.• The inner lining of alveoli is always moist and enables respiratory gases dissolve in it• The alveoli are covered with a dense network of blood capillary that speeds up the diffusion of … Read more

Question 2:(a) Sugar is oxidized during respiration.Explain the process. (4 marks)(b) After an athlete finished running a race, his breathing is still fast and deep for several minutes. (6 marks)Explain why.(c) State the similarities and differences between the human and the grasshopper’s respiratory system based on the structural adaptation to maximize the rate of gaseous … Read more