7.7.1 The Respiratory Process in Energy Production (Structured Question 1 & 2)


Question 1:
Diagram below shows a type of organelle found in muscle cells.
A biochemical reaction occurs in the organelle.


(a)(i)
Name this organelle. [1 mark]

(ii)
Explain why membrane W is in the form of numerous folded layers. [2 marks]


(b)
The biochemical reaction that occurs in this organelle is summarized as follows:

(i) Name gas R. [1 mark]

(ii)
Name product S. [1 mark]

(iii)
Explain why the muscle cell has a large number of these organelles. [2 marks]

(iv)
If the blood sugar level is lower than the normal range, the biochemical reaction in this organelle can still occur.
Explain how. [3 marks]


(c)
State two differences on the biochemical reaction occurring between muscle cell and yeast cell in the absence of gas R. [2 marks]





Answer:
(a)(i)
Mitochondrion

(a)(ii)
Membrane W is in the form of numerous folded layers to increase total surface area, for the efficiency of cellular respiration.

(b)(i)
Gas R is oxygen

(b)(ii)
Product S is water

(b)(iii)
Muscle cells need a large number of mitochondrion as an energy ATP supply in order to oxidise glucose in aerobic respiration.


(b)(iv)
– If the blood sugar is lower than the normal range, less energy is produced.
– Pancreas secretes glucagon to convert glycogen to glucose.
– Cellular respiration occurs.

(c)


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